Today, mankind has gone through three technological revolutions. Automobiles stood out in the second industrial revolution and began a journey of more than 100 years. However, in the first 100 years, they only stayed at the stage of transportation tools. The outbreak and rapid spread of the third scientific and technological revolution gave the automobile industry unprecedented reflection: if the car incorporates the ever-changing electronic information technology, it may be able to make a difference. So cars started to fight for the wisdom revolution.
Looking back on the development of China's automobile industry, perhaps a few years later, history will give it such a relatively fair evaluation: a miracle. Even in the development of the global automotive industry, such a fast speed and such a high growth rate are unique. At the same time, the automobile industry is also a benchmark for the development of China's entire industry.
Just ask the direction, not the distance
In the 1950s, China's automobile industry was established, and Changchun No. 1 Automobile Factory became the place where dreams occurred. After the reform and opening up in 1980, the annual output of automobiles nationwide was 220,000, reaching 500,000 in 1990. It first broke through 1 million in 1993, and a blowout has occurred since then. From the 21st century, from 2001 to 2007, the annual output increased by 1 million vehicles. In 2008, due to the global economic crisis, the growth rate of China's auto production fell to 3%. The settlement in 2009 was 13.79 million vehicles, surpassing the United States and becoming the world's No. 1 manufacturer in one fell swoop. Historically, the highest annual output in the United States is 17 million units, and the Chinese auto industry is expected to set a record for the highest global production and sales this year.
In this regard, Chen Changnian, former Minister of the Equipment Department of the China Society of Automotive Engineers, said, "Now that there are so many automobile productions, should we be happy or worried? But at least I am more worried than happy. Energy consumption, air pollution, and road congestion are all ahead. The problem that needs to be solved urgently. Looking at the problem of automobile safety, the death rate of car accidents in our country is more than 20 times that of the United States, and it is the number one killer of highways. At this time, we must change the thinking of the development of the automobile industry, that is, we must be a powerful automobile. The dream of a strong country in China's auto industry has begun. Zhang Xiaoju, the first spokesman of China's auto industry, said, "This year is the first year of China's auto industry from a big country to a strong country. We hope to complete the road of a big country in ten years."
At this time, the strategic position of the automobile's electronization has become prominent. Automobile electronics is considered to be a revolution in the development of automobile technology. The degree of automobile electronics is regarded as an important symbol to measure the level of modern automobiles. It is the most important technical measure used to develop new models and improve automobile performance. Automakers believe that increasing the number of automotive electronic devices and promoting automotive electronics are important and effective means to capture the future automotive market. It is true that the high added value of automotive electronics is perceived by more and more car manufacturers, but the full-scale transformation of automobiles by automobiles will bring infinite and far-reaching impact on the automotive industry.
This influence will make the future car usher in its liberation, from assisted driving to unmanned driving, from simple mobility tools to intelligent driving computers, the future car will get rid of human control and become a running robot on the road. By that time, people have saved a lot of troubles in controlling the car, but they have obtained all the convenience of life brought by the car. The car has become an excellent assistant in people's lives, able to recognize their own owner and the owner's family, car thieves. It is impossible to start anyway, and many other assumptions and possibilities will be realized in the future.
Of course, all this must be supported by electronic technology. Smart cars are by no means equivalent to what is commonly referred to as autonomous driving. It refers to the use of multiple sensors and intelligent highway technology to achieve autonomous driving of cars. It is understood that smart cars first have a set of navigation information databases, which store information on national highways, ordinary highways, urban roads, and various service facilities (such as restaurants, gas stations, parking lots); followed by GPS positioning systems, use This system accurately locates the location of the vehicle and compares it with the data in the road database to determine the future driving direction; the road condition information system provides the traffic management center with real-time information on the road ahead, such as traffic jams and accidents, if necessary Change the driving route in time; vehicle collision avoidance system, including detection radar, information processing system, driving control system, control the distance to other vehicles, slow down or brake in time when obstacles are detected, and transmit the information to the command center and other vehicles ; Emergency alarm system, if there is an accident, automatically report to the command center for rescue; wireless communication system, used for the communication between the car and the command center; automatic driving system, used to control the ignition of the car, change the speed and steering, etc.
Zhang Yuzhong, vice president of Diyuanxin, told Internet Weekly that the intelligent vehicle is a comprehensive system that integrates functions such as environmental perception, planning and decision-making, and multi-level assisted driving. It uses computers, modern sensing, information fusion, communication, Technologies such as artificial intelligence and automatic control are typical high-tech complexes. At present, research on intelligent vehicles is mainly dedicated to improving the safety and comfort of automobiles, and providing excellent human-vehicle interaction interfaces. In recent years, intelligent vehicles have become a research hotspot in the field of vehicle engineering in the world and a new driving force for the growth of the automotive industry. Many developed countries have incorporated them into their own key development of intelligent transportation systems.
Here we can only expect the automotive electronics technology to catch up with the development speed of IT technology, then the liberation of the car becomes the future that can be seen and touched. The direction is already clear, just let the wind and rain go to the "ideal country", no matter how far the road is, or how many difficulties and obstacles.
At the Internet of Vehicles-Connected City Intelligent Transportation Forum in Shanghai this June, Gan Wenwei, President of General Motors China, gave the Internet of Vehicles the following evaluation, "Internet of Vehicles will completely change the mode of human travel and redefine the DNA of cars. Realize Internet of Vehicles In the future of technology, urban traffic will bid farewell to a series of problems such as traffic lights, congestion, traffic accidents, and difficulty in parking, and realize autonomous driving. "
In the Shanghai Automobile Group-General Motors Pavilion at the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, the new car life picture displayed after 20 years of humans is shocking. By then, new cities, cars and road systems, together with more environmentally friendly, safe, intelligent and user-friendly cars, will completely subvert our understanding of cars and transportation today, and further generate a new concept of time and space for mankind. On the roads in 2030, there is no need for traffic lights, cars are driving at high speed, there is no traffic jam, and there are no traffic accidents ... Such a perfect driving life relies on an invisible network regulation, that is, the Internet of Vehicles.
Can't help but ask what is the Internet of Vehicles? The Internet of Vehicles actually collects, processes, and shares a large amount of information through cars. Cars and roads, cars and cars, and cars and cities are connected to each other to achieve smarter and safer driving.
With the introduction of intelligent transportation in the 1990s, the "vehicle-road" information system has always been a key area of ​​intelligent transportation development. Internationally, systems such as IVHS in the United States and VICS in Japan establish effective information communication between vehicles and roads to achieve intelligent transportation management and information services. Early intelligent transportation mainly focused on expressways, and the most important one was the establishment of a comprehensive expressway toll system. But the focus and main pressure of the current traffic problems come from urban road congestion. In the future, the development of intelligent transportation will shift to a management model that focuses on hotspots and targets vehicles.
At the same time, the traffic lights installed on the road, as well as the car signal system including brake lights, turn signals and hazard lights, which are used in vehicles according to their concepts, are visually dependent, not reliable enough, and have no ability to prevent accidents. System, so car rear-end accidents are not uncommon in urban traffic, and serial collisions on highways are also directly related to the inherently low accident prevention ability of the light system based on visual dependence. At this time, intelligent transportation urgently needs to establish a car-based information system car networking.
Intelligent transportation can improve the efficiency of road use, reduce traffic congestion by about 60%, increase the efficiency of short-distance transportation by nearly 70%, and increase the capacity of existing roads by two to three times. Vehicles traveling in the intelligent transportation system can reduce the number of parking times by 30%, travel time by 13% to 45%, and vehicle efficiency can be increased by more than 50%.
Smart cars are actually a system composed of smart cars and smart roads. At present, the main conditions for smart roads are not yet available, and the development is slow. However, there are many preparations for smart car technology. Many assisted driving systems have been widely used in automobiles, such as smart wipers, automatic headlamps, smart air conditioners, smart suspensions, anti-doze systems ... The wide application of electronic information technology provides a broad prospect.
GM has long been ambitious in smart cars, not satisfied with only car manufacturing, but also coordinating the planning of future transportation. GM's move is indeed wise. In the future, with the deepening of the automotive smart revolution, the connection between cars and roads will be closer, and it will gradually become an organically integrated whole. In the future, cars will not walk on dry roads, but on the interconnected information network, which will be everywhere. Doing my own job in car manufacturing and building up the future of information network traffic is undoubtedly paving the way for the future of GM itself, first occupying a favorable position in the future information network traffic, and finding the correct positioning for your car. The quasi-market has also pinpointed the endless "money" road.
As early as the end of last year, GM China President Gan Wenwei began to invite friends from all over the world to invite them to visit the SAIC-GM Pavilion at this year ’s Shanghai Expo Park to learn about GM ’s vision for future transportation in the city in 2030 and new technologies with potential.
Gan Wenwei was proud to say, "At the 1939 World Expo in New York, GM showed the future interstate highway system for the first time. This vision became a reality 20 years later, bringing various states and cities in the United States (and other Country) Roads made of asphalt and concrete are firmly connected. Now, we have the opportunity to create a brand new highway, the information highway, which connects us and our community in a more interesting way. . "
This new information highway, whether wired or wireless, has brought revolutionary changes to the traditional voice communication field, enabling instant communication between people and changing us and our children Lifestyle. The information superhighway has created new and huge opportunities for us in new ways. We can connect these technologies with future vehicles and infrastructure to make future transportation more flexible, interesting and safe.
In fact, the "Internet of Vehicles" that GM advocates today is the information highway that it has begun to focus on. At the end of last year, GM's new technology OnStar in-vehicle information service launched in China was a piece of its "Internet of Vehicles" layout. This technology can provide infrastructure information and navigation consultation, can provide remote diagnosis for cars, if the car is stolen, it can even make the stolen vehicle lose power. OnStar technology is a great milestone for GM on the road of R & D of IoV technology. Gan Wenwei said, "Anji Star is now installed in Cadillac and Buick models, but GM hopes that all models will have Anji Star, not just for high-end models."
A similar product on the market to Anjixing is the Japanese car company's G-Book technology. However, unlike Japanese car companies that assemble G-Book technology on models with more than 200,000 yuan, GM plans to equip all its brands with Anjixing technology , And this will undoubtedly allow GM's "Internet of Vehicles" pieces to occupy more markets.
At present, smart cars are gradually moving from ideas to various practices. As more electronic information technologies continue to be integrated into vehicles, smart cars will not be far away. In the future, smart cars do not require people to drive, and people only sit comfortably in the car and enjoy this high-tech achievement. This car is equipped with devices such as TV cameras, electronic computers and automatic control systems equivalent to the "eyes", "brains" and "feet" of the car. These devices are equipped with very complex computer programs, so this kind of car Can think, judge, and walk just like people, can automatically start, accelerate, brake, and can automatically bypass ground obstacles. In complex and ever-changing situations, its "brain" can adapt to random situations, automatically select the best plan, and direct the car to drive normally and smoothly.
Seeing the efforts of automakers on smart cars, IT companies have also joined the smart revolution in the auto industry, and suddenly feel that the smart cars are getting closer and closer.
Cyclonus Automotive Electronics
The advent of automotive electronics began in the 1950s. Since then, the cost of automotive electronics in the system has increased year by year, from less than 1% when it was first launched in the 1950s, to one-third of the weight now. It can be said that automotive electronics occupies a very important position in the entire car. Any promotion of technical core and specifications will be unimaginable and impossible to achieve without automotive electronics.
Therefore, in order not to fall behind or fall behind in the future automobile industry, it is the key to improve the information technology content of automobiles. In some luxury cars, electronic products can even account for 50% to 60% of the cost of the entire vehicle, and the application of electronic technology has almost penetrated into all car systems. From the current situation, the upgrade of traditional products in automobiles is very slow, but electronic products will basically be upgraded in five years. In the future, car upgrades will mainly be driven by electronic technology. 70% of automotive innovations will come from automotive electronics. At the same time, the auto market is fiercely competitive. In addition to price reduction, auto manufacturers are adding the most effective means of competition. In the process of increasing the auto allocation, the deployment rate of automotive electronics will be greatly improved.
However, at present, automotive electronics in the Chinese market are still focusing on essential body electronics and driving assistance systems. In-vehicle entertainment systems are still considered high-end products in China and are not popular.
According to Xuan Xiaoming, manager of Freescale Semiconductor (China) Co., Ltd., "If you divide automotive electronics into three categories according to product lines, single-chip microcomputers are definitely an important part, equivalent to the human brain; followed by analog devices, analog devices Equivalent to the human nerve, it acts as a bridge between the brain and the control part; finally, the sensor includes external information. No matter how you collect external information, pressure, etc., the signal collection needs to work through the sensor. "
Judging from the development trend of the entire vehicle information system, the entire system is becoming more advanced and more complex. From the early radios, tape drives, DVDs and navigation that are more widely used now, to the next comprehensive information system. At this stage, there are several things that deserve our attention. The first is the GENIVI Alliance, the GENVII organization established by BMW, Delphi, GM, Intel, Citroen and Visteon. They are working together to use Intel Atom high-performance processors to create an open sharing platform for in-vehicle information systems. There was a version 1.0 in January 2010 in Las Vegas.
The assumption of the GENIVI platform is that to overthrow every function or service provided in the past, it is necessary to redevelop the drawbacks of the new system and break various models. GENIVI hopes that a common model will build a complete platform from the underlying operating system, to the middleware, to the upper-layer applications, so that it can provide a complete solution for developers of parking lots and information systems to reduce repetitive development work. Everyone devotes their energy to applications and services.
In addition, Ford conveyed a very important message at this year's CES. The digital era will have a very significant impact on cars, so CES President Shapiro said that Ford even positions itself as a "technology company" rather than a company. "Automobile manufacturers". In addition to the automobile manufacturing itself, Ford has paid more attention to the informatization of cars. As you can see, in Ford, the entire instrument has changed. On the sides of the traditional analog instrument, there are two 4.2-inch LCD screen, in addition to the eight-inch LCD screen in the center console. The LCD screen is connected to Ford's CM and operated through the control buttons on the steering wheel. In the traditional high-end informatization, the touch method has not been adopted, and the key method is more. Ford applied touch to high-end systems this time. At the same time, the entire design is designed through touch and very strong contrasting colors, and the operation is very simple.
Look at Intel's technology summit, which was jointly released by Intel, Huatai Automobile, Wuhan Bluestar and Zhongke Hongqi. IDF expresses a concept and an idea. In the traditional information system, the car follows the car to form a unit. It is independent. There are relatively few connections between the car and the car, and the car and the center. Most of them are a relatively closed system. One concept launched by IDF is connected cars. It is not an independent device. It is integrated with many applications in the background, including intelligent traffic and road conditions.
In addition, automotive electronics manufacturers are also thinking about developing an interconnected and interactive platform with partners including OEMs. Through the wireless network and information system, the Internet operators, OEMs, 4S shops and public business resources are integrated to form an in-vehicle mobile service platform, so that automotive electronics manufacturers can add a lot of follow-up to traditional ordinary car sales service. It can be said that the idea based on the open platform has brought a new idea to the design of in-vehicle infotainment systems. The hardware conditions were not yet available. Now the development of the entire processor system has been handled very powerfully. To meet the application of various complex information systems, it can be lost to the R & D center in this way. From a dynamic point of view, the development of in-vehicle information is very rapid at present. .
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