At the 2010 China Renewable Energy Technology Development Conference held in 2010, Ni Weidou, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out that the current “renewable energy†development of renewable energy has seen the entry of various investment entities from the central government to local governments and large state-owned enterprises. But behind this upsurge, from the country’s height, we must think calmly and develop rationally. We should not be dazzled by the “Great Leap Forward†situation.
“The development of renewable energy requires a whole new thinking, not that raw materials are renewable or truly renewable energy. We must carefully analyze the full life cycle efficiency, environment, economy, and the entire industry chain and full interest chain of renewable energy. Determine which key renewable energy sources will be developed in the future. Some emerging energy development costs are too high, and blindly large-scale development will not be worth the candle.†Ni Weidou told the New Energy Guide.
Renewable energy development should talk about "greenness"
At present, major power companies are convening annual work conferences. Many power companies will directly use their renewable energy installed capacity or the amount of renewable energy generated when they sum up their achievements in energy conservation and emissions reduction in the past year. Calculating the amount of emission reductions (by comparison with coal-fired power generation), such as the transmission of 10 billion kWh of wind power to the grid, the carbon dioxide that can be reduced is 100×108×0.9/1000=9 million tons of carbon dioxide.
The same calculation method will also be used in photovoltaic power generation, biomass power generation and other aspects. In this regard, Ni Weidou believes that this is extremely unscientific.
“Not only electric power companies are counting on this, but in fact the government, research institutes, and many low-carbon literatures also follow this method of calculation. I don’t think this is scientific, because renewable energy needs to be developed and utilized. Talk about 'greenness'." Ni Weidou said that the "greenness" is the net renewable energy factor, that is, "how much of the energy obtained after processing is truly renewable". The lower the coefficient, the more renewable it is. small.
According to Ni Weidou’s calculation, the highest “greenness†of wind power is about 0.96 among all renewable energy sources, while corn, as a biomass energy source, has a minimum “greenness†of only 0.09.
The concept of “greenness†proposed by Ni Weidou is actually only part of its analysis of the efficiency, environment and economy of renewable energy development.
In terms of the entire life cycle, Ni Weidou believes that considering how high a "greenness" of a renewable energy source is, it is necessary to look at the energy consumed in the production of raw materials and processed raw materials, and also to consider the assessment of land tenacity and food security and ecology.
Taking biomass energy corn as an example, it is necessary to consider the purchase price of the raw material seed, the cost of planting, etc.; and nuclear power, which has been widely recognized as zero emission by all sectors of the society, will require nuclear power to be emitted per kilowatt-hour if viewed from the whole life cycle. It emits 0.35 kg of carbon dioxide.
For the development of renewable energy sources for biological fluids, Ni Weidou thinks that in addition to considering the energy conversion factor of the whole life cycle of the raw material, the land use coefficient and water consumption coefficient must also be considered.
In terms of land use factor, individual biomass raw materials yield less per unit area. Farmers' hard-to-manure corn is used to generate a very limited amount of electricity, which is not worthwhile. In terms of water consumption, it takes a ton of dry corn to consume. 350 tons of water is also great.
Offshore wind power is not suitable for large-scale development. In addition to considering the entire life cycle of renewable energy, Ni Weidou believes that it must also carefully analyze the entire industrial chain and the entire interest chain.
In the whole industry chain, the relevant departments must consider the processing, transportation, conversion, energy transmission of renewable raw materials used, as well as the construction of conversion sites, transportation channels, labor and other costs.
“For wind power, for example, although the wind resource itself does not require cost, manufacturing the fan material itself requires a lot of energy and resources. This process will emit carbon dioxide; during the construction of the wind farm, steel, cement, immigration, construction of roads, etc. are needed. It also requires a lot of energy, and it also emits carbon dioxide; in the process of outputting a wind farm, building a power grid, building spare capacity and energy storage devices, etc., also requires energy, and also emits carbon dioxide. The entire industrial chain is completed, and each link also requires a lot of funds.†Ni Weidou said.
In Ni Weidou's view, large-scale development of straw power generation is very uneconomical. A few acres of land in China’s peasants, that is, a ton of straw, will be harvested by the farmer's only straw. A straw plant with a capacity of 25,000 kilowatts is required to maintain the normal operation and the tens of tons of stalks will be transported in rural areas. The radius is one hundred kilometers, and a large number of cars and tractors pull the straw into the power plant. After crushing it, the fuel is then smashed, and the last one is sent to such a small point.
"What are you doing with electricity? At the same time, you took farmers' stalks away. What did the farmers burn? Coal burning. Originally, farmers could directly use straw to fuel, but instead used it to make inefficient power generation. This is very uneconomical.
Therefore, the development of straw power generation requires reasonable and comprehensive thinking. "For the current offshore wind power that all major energy companies are eagerly pursuing, Ni Weidou told the reporters of the New Energy Guide that "I hope that offshore wind power will not be developed on a large scale because the cost is too high to be worthwhile and the state cannot afford subsidies." In addition, it consumes a lot of energy in the construction process, coupled with the very short operating life of offshore wind power, and the ability to recover costs is a problem. "In the aspect of the full-fledged chain, Ni Weidou believes that in China, an industry ultimately depends on people for development and operation. Different levels of people need different interests to drive, and administrative orders can only solve some problems, and it is short-term.
"To develop large-scale renewable energy sources, we must conduct stakeholder analysis. From an upstream perspective, there are people who benefit from it, and who benefit downstream people. Only if people really benefit from it can they promote this. The development of the industry allows people to truly accept it.Now in the process of developing renewable energy, the benefits of most of the participants are provided by state subsidies. In fact, with its increasing share, the country will not be able to subsidize it. In response to Ni Weidou's above points of view, the reporters of the "New Energy Guide" asked him in the end what kind of position he wanted to express. When he was pouring cold water on the development of renewable energy, Ni Weidou said: "Expressing this view does not mean not to The development of renewable energy only aims to provide relevant decision makers and participants with a new perspective and view the issue. It is hoped that relevant departments will be more rational and prudent when formulating renewable energy plans and related companies in the development of renewable energy.
“The development of renewable energy requires a whole new thinking, not that raw materials are renewable or truly renewable energy. We must carefully analyze the full life cycle efficiency, environment, economy, and the entire industry chain and full interest chain of renewable energy. Determine which key renewable energy sources will be developed in the future. Some emerging energy development costs are too high, and blindly large-scale development will not be worth the candle.†Ni Weidou told the New Energy Guide.
Renewable energy development should talk about "greenness"
At present, major power companies are convening annual work conferences. Many power companies will directly use their renewable energy installed capacity or the amount of renewable energy generated when they sum up their achievements in energy conservation and emissions reduction in the past year. Calculating the amount of emission reductions (by comparison with coal-fired power generation), such as the transmission of 10 billion kWh of wind power to the grid, the carbon dioxide that can be reduced is 100×108×0.9/1000=9 million tons of carbon dioxide.
The same calculation method will also be used in photovoltaic power generation, biomass power generation and other aspects. In this regard, Ni Weidou believes that this is extremely unscientific.
“Not only electric power companies are counting on this, but in fact the government, research institutes, and many low-carbon literatures also follow this method of calculation. I don’t think this is scientific, because renewable energy needs to be developed and utilized. Talk about 'greenness'." Ni Weidou said that the "greenness" is the net renewable energy factor, that is, "how much of the energy obtained after processing is truly renewable". The lower the coefficient, the more renewable it is. small.
According to Ni Weidou’s calculation, the highest “greenness†of wind power is about 0.96 among all renewable energy sources, while corn, as a biomass energy source, has a minimum “greenness†of only 0.09.
The concept of “greenness†proposed by Ni Weidou is actually only part of its analysis of the efficiency, environment and economy of renewable energy development.
In terms of the entire life cycle, Ni Weidou believes that considering how high a "greenness" of a renewable energy source is, it is necessary to look at the energy consumed in the production of raw materials and processed raw materials, and also to consider the assessment of land tenacity and food security and ecology.
Taking biomass energy corn as an example, it is necessary to consider the purchase price of the raw material seed, the cost of planting, etc.; and nuclear power, which has been widely recognized as zero emission by all sectors of the society, will require nuclear power to be emitted per kilowatt-hour if viewed from the whole life cycle. It emits 0.35 kg of carbon dioxide.
For the development of renewable energy sources for biological fluids, Ni Weidou thinks that in addition to considering the energy conversion factor of the whole life cycle of the raw material, the land use coefficient and water consumption coefficient must also be considered.
In terms of land use factor, individual biomass raw materials yield less per unit area. Farmers' hard-to-manure corn is used to generate a very limited amount of electricity, which is not worthwhile. In terms of water consumption, it takes a ton of dry corn to consume. 350 tons of water is also great.
Offshore wind power is not suitable for large-scale development. In addition to considering the entire life cycle of renewable energy, Ni Weidou believes that it must also carefully analyze the entire industrial chain and the entire interest chain.
In the whole industry chain, the relevant departments must consider the processing, transportation, conversion, energy transmission of renewable raw materials used, as well as the construction of conversion sites, transportation channels, labor and other costs.
“For wind power, for example, although the wind resource itself does not require cost, manufacturing the fan material itself requires a lot of energy and resources. This process will emit carbon dioxide; during the construction of the wind farm, steel, cement, immigration, construction of roads, etc. are needed. It also requires a lot of energy, and it also emits carbon dioxide; in the process of outputting a wind farm, building a power grid, building spare capacity and energy storage devices, etc., also requires energy, and also emits carbon dioxide. The entire industrial chain is completed, and each link also requires a lot of funds.†Ni Weidou said.
In Ni Weidou's view, large-scale development of straw power generation is very uneconomical. A few acres of land in China’s peasants, that is, a ton of straw, will be harvested by the farmer's only straw. A straw plant with a capacity of 25,000 kilowatts is required to maintain the normal operation and the tens of tons of stalks will be transported in rural areas. The radius is one hundred kilometers, and a large number of cars and tractors pull the straw into the power plant. After crushing it, the fuel is then smashed, and the last one is sent to such a small point.
"What are you doing with electricity? At the same time, you took farmers' stalks away. What did the farmers burn? Coal burning. Originally, farmers could directly use straw to fuel, but instead used it to make inefficient power generation. This is very uneconomical.
Therefore, the development of straw power generation requires reasonable and comprehensive thinking. "For the current offshore wind power that all major energy companies are eagerly pursuing, Ni Weidou told the reporters of the New Energy Guide that "I hope that offshore wind power will not be developed on a large scale because the cost is too high to be worthwhile and the state cannot afford subsidies." In addition, it consumes a lot of energy in the construction process, coupled with the very short operating life of offshore wind power, and the ability to recover costs is a problem. "In the aspect of the full-fledged chain, Ni Weidou believes that in China, an industry ultimately depends on people for development and operation. Different levels of people need different interests to drive, and administrative orders can only solve some problems, and it is short-term.
"To develop large-scale renewable energy sources, we must conduct stakeholder analysis. From an upstream perspective, there are people who benefit from it, and who benefit downstream people. Only if people really benefit from it can they promote this. The development of the industry allows people to truly accept it.Now in the process of developing renewable energy, the benefits of most of the participants are provided by state subsidies. In fact, with its increasing share, the country will not be able to subsidize it. In response to Ni Weidou's above points of view, the reporters of the "New Energy Guide" asked him in the end what kind of position he wanted to express. When he was pouring cold water on the development of renewable energy, Ni Weidou said: "Expressing this view does not mean not to The development of renewable energy only aims to provide relevant decision makers and participants with a new perspective and view the issue. It is hoped that relevant departments will be more rational and prudent when formulating renewable energy plans and related companies in the development of renewable energy.
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