In the audio industry, if the practitioner pays attention to some small details in the work, it will enhance the safe use period of the sound system and extend the life of the speaker. During the use of the sound system, the speakers at the end of the sound system link are often more deadly.
This is definitely not an alarmist. From the material of the speaker , the wooden box, the paper unit basin, plus the internal sound-absorbing cotton, cable, capacitor, etc., each part is almost flammable; in addition, even the multimedia speakers , The power is also tens of watts, hundreds of watts of output power, the heat generated by power amplifier chips, frequency dividers, transformers and other components is very amazing.
In addition to the high temperature is fatal factor speakers, the sound system in use, there are many other issues can not be ignored, let's talk about the speaker's deadly factors? Insufficient views are expected to be noted and supplemented below.
Power A
Taboo overload
Usually when the amplifier is equipped with a power amplifier, in order to make the performance of the speaker fully exerted, the power of the power amplifier is often larger than the power of the speaker , and sometimes it is about 1 times larger.
In this case, in actual use, the signal for controlling the power amplifier should not be too large, the speaker will have a good performance, the sound is full and the distortion is small. However, if you do not pay attention to the control signal, the signal input to the amplifier is too large, and the output power of the amplifier will exceed the power that the speaker can withstand. For the speaker , this is an overload phenomenon. Short-time overload has little effect on the speaker , but if it is overloaded for a long time, the speaker in the speaker will not burn, and mechanical damage may occur. For example: the woofer cone of the cone is broken, the cone of the cone is broken, the voice coil lead is broken, and the diaphragm of the tweeter is broken.
Therefore, if the power amplifier used is more than 50% higher than the power of the speaker , you need to pay special attention to the signal size when using it, and try to control it when the red light of the power amplifier is not flashing.
If a person eats too much, it will be uncomfortable, and even if the stomach expands, the speaker unit will eat more, and it will be uncomfortable and will explode.
Of course, this situation will naturally lead to another topic: the use of the "pressure limit" function of the digital processor can protect the speaker unit from being burned. However, the "pressure limit" function works at the expense of sound loss, and many occasions do not allow this to happen. Moreover, the power is too large, which also increases the project cost.
Frequency response B
Affect the safety of a hidden speakers such as a 15-inch full-range speakers, its frequency range is 60-18kHz, I will tell you that electrical signals in this range, it may revert to the normal sound. Note that its lower limit frequency is 60 Hz. If it is lower than 60 Hz, it will not be able to convert to sound normally. If the electrical signal you input to it is a full-range signal without any processing, it contains components below 60Hz. However, the energy of the speaker to this part of the electrical signal can not be converted into sound, which is basically converted into heat, which is a hidden danger.
If the speaker works under long-term high-power input, this heat will cause the temperature of the voice coil to rise continuously, causing the glue of the fixed coil to melt and the voice coil to be damaged. If you don't realize the problem, even if you fix the speaker, it will be worse in the future.
Solution: Use the filter (HPF) or (LOW CUT) on the processor or other device to cut off the low frequency part of the speaker that cannot be represented.
The same is true for high-frequency parts above 18 kHz, which should be cut off using the processor's filter.
Temperature C
Temperature too high or too low
Many people attach great importance to the heat dissipation inside the chassis, but the heat dissipation of peripheral products is basically ignored, because most people simply can't imagine which peripheral devices need to dissipate heat. Among the common peripherals, the heat dissipation of the speakers is more important, especially in the summer. If you do not pay attention to the method of use, the damage to the hardware is small and cause a fire.
Too low a temperature will reduce the sensitivity of some machines (such as tube machines). If the temperature is too high, it will easily burn out the components or cause the components to age prematurely.
Special attention should be paid to cooling and maintaining air circulation in the summer. Avoid direct sunlight and avoid getting close to heat.
The normal operating temperature of audio equipment should be 18 ° C -45 ° C.
Function key D
The function keys are not reset for a long time. After the audio is used up, the function keys are reset. If the function key is not reset for a long time, the pulling button spring is under stress for a long period of time, which is likely to cause malfunction.
Connection order E
Open the amplifier to connect the speaker cable because the speaker 's terminal is generally close, the speaker cable is two tightly parallel, open the amplifier to connect the speaker cable, the wiring will often accidentally short the speaker cable, its The consequence will be the rapid burning of the amplifier.
How to make the speaker have a longer life?
Xiao Bian introduces some basic common sense of sound maintenance of different materials in daily life:
First of all, in the summer of high temperature, do not use the speaker for too long, especially in the case of large volume, always pay attention to the temperature of the heat sink of the back of the box. If the heat sink is very hot, then the temperature of the power amplifier chip in the box can be Imagine it. The normal working temperature of the equipment should be 18 ° C ~ 45 ° C.
Secondly, sometimes we like to put some ornaments on the speakers , or simply cover the speakers like a tablecloth. This is of course very unfavorable for the heat dissipation of the speakers . At least in summer, it should be removed as much as possible to keep the cabinets ventilated. environment of.
The effect of humidity is also very large. For example, the wood grain skin outside the dry speaker may be prone to peeling. The humidifier can be used to increase the air humidity. Humidity is too high, the cone's cone is prone to moisture and mildew, resulting in weak sound playback, and the exposed metal wires are also susceptible to oxidation. In the wet areas of the south, the horn is prone to mildew, so it is generally not recommended to install it in the basement. In this regard, the solution is to install a dehumidifier indoors or to place a desiccant.
Before switching the audio power supply, turn the power of the amplifier to the minimum, which is the most effective protection for the amplifier and speakers .
When the power is turned on from the front to the back, the CD player is turned on first, then the front and rear stages are turned on, and the volume of the power amplifier is turned to the minimum when the power is turned on. Turn off the power amplifier first, and let the amplifier's amplification function be completely turned off. At this time, when you turn off the front-end equipment, no matter the large impact current, it will not affect the amplifier and the speaker .
The machine should be used frequently. If it does not rotate for a long time, some parts will be deformed.
It is necessary to power on regularly. In the long-term non-use, especially in the humid, hot season, it is best to power on for half an hour every day. In this way, the heat generated by the internal components can be used to remove the moisture, and the internal coil, the speaker voice coil, the transformer and the like are protected from moisture and mold.
Wipe the surface of the machine with a clean, damp soft cotton cloth at regular intervals; when not in use, cover the machine with a dust cover or cloth to prevent dust from entering.
Only put some soft music and listen to music at medium volume within half an hour after starting up, and then warm up after the standby warm up.
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