Photovoltaic "leader" program since its launch in 2015, through high standards of technology and efficiency requirements, to accelerate photovoltaic technology and application innovation, has brought a series of positive. It is reported that the plan will also expand and upgrade this year.
The recently issued letter of the National Energy Administration on Soliciting Opinions on the Construction of Advanced Photovoltaic Demonstration Bases in 2017 (hereinafter referred to as “Opinion Lettersâ€) clearly stipulates that the “leader†bases that have not been accepted and still under construction have been built ( Counties and provinces where photovoltaic power generation did not reach the minimum utilization guarantee time in 2016 were all excluded from the 2017 PV power advanced technology application base application qualifications.
Industry insiders told reporters that for the minimum amount of guaranteed use hours, most provinces in the northwestern region will not be eligible to apply for “lead runners†bases. Another condition that imposes greater constraints on many provinces, especially the eastern provinces, is the issue of land acquisition costs. From the current point of view, if considerations such as power consumption and land costs are fully considered, the central provinces in the future may be more competitive in applications for “leadership†bases.
The Problem of Abandoning Light Constrains the Development of the Western "Leaders" Program
According to statistics from the National Energy Administration, in 2016, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia II and Qinghai II resource regions completed the minimum guaranteed utilization hours, and Inner Mongolia I category resource regions, Shaanxi and Hebei had a deviation rate within 5%. The deviation of Type I resource areas was 6.5%. Others including Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Liaoning, and Jilin did not meet the requirements, and the deviation rate was also high.
According to the "Opinions", only the Qinghai II resource region in the northwest region can apply for a 2017 advanced technology application base for photovoltaic power generation. Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Gansu will be directly excluded from application qualifications.
In addition, the "opinion letter" also proposed that the "leader" base project's future power consumption plan, by the provincial and above power grid companies explicitly guaranteed to reach the minimum guaranteed utilization hours, or the base area where the government guarantees If the minimum hours are used, a certain amount of economic compensation will be given. This will inevitably reduce the enthusiasm for applying for "leadership" bases in parts of northwestern China.
The reason why most of the northwestern regions have not completed the minimum guaranteed utilization hours is due to the serious problem of abandoned light. According to data released by the Northwest Energy Administration, in 2016, the photovoltaic power generation in the five provinces (districts) in the northwest was 28.717 billion kwh, the photoelectricity was 7.042 billion kwh, and the abandonment rate was 19.81%. Among them, the problem of abandoning light in Xinjiang and Gansu was more serious, and the rate of abandonment was 32.23% and 30.45% respectively.
As we all know, the western region is an economically underdeveloped region, and the demand for electricity is relatively small. The serious problem of abandoning light is difficult to solve in the short term. It can be said that the electricity consumption problem has now become an important constraint to the development of the “leadership†plan in the western region.
High land costs become a bottleneck in the development of the “leader†in the East
According to the “Opinion Letterâ€, the advanced technology application base for photovoltaic power generation in 2017 includes photovoltaic power generation leading technology base and photovoltaic power generation leading-edge technology application support base. The total construction scale of the two is 8 to 10 GW, and each base is currently under construction. Not less than 500 MW and 1 GW maximum. Obviously, building a "leader" base requires a lot of land resources.
According to the reporter's understanding, in the 2017 campaign for photovoltaic power generation advanced technology application base, it mainly involves five aspects. Taking photovoltaic technology leading technology base as an example, it mainly includes lighting resources, power consumption, land, local government organization and supporting capabilities. Among them, the proportion of land share reached 30 points.
Specifically in terms of land, the "opinion letter" is subdivided into the scope and type of land and land costs. Only 20 percent of land cost is accounted for, and it is stipulated that, except for booster stations and durable roads, other land use does not account for construction land use, and does not fall within the scope of land use tax and farmland use tax.
According to the "Opinions on Supporting the Development of New Industries, New Industries, and Promoting Popular Innovation of People's Land," issued by six ministries and commissions such as the National Development and Reform Commission in 2015, all land-use components such as photovoltaic power generation should be managed according to construction land use.
It should be pointed out that there are few unutilized lands in the Gobi, deserts, and desert grasslands in the eastern part of the country. Although the forest land resources are abundant, the country has strict requirements for building photovoltaics in forest lands. Therefore, most of the ground-based photovoltaic power plants can only be built in agriculture. Land use.
It is understood that at present, all provinces have introduced land use tax implementation methods according to local conditions. Different provinces, different city levels, different land level taxation standards are not the same. For example, the land use tax for the established towns in the Jiangsu and Central Jiangsu Province in the eastern region was 1,333 yuan/year·mu, which is relatively high compared with some central and western regions. According to calculations, if a 20-megawatt photovoltaic power station is built on land for construction, the cost of new land alone will exceed 20 million yuan, and the cost will be even higher in the developed eastern regions. This will come from photovoltaic power generation industries that have not yet been subsidized. It is still a small sum of expenditure.
From this, it is not difficult to see that the cost of land in the future may become a major bottleneck for the “leadership†plan in the eastern region.
The advantages of developing the "leader" program in central China have become even more obvious
The reporter noticed that eight of the eight photovoltaic leading technology bases approved by the National Energy Administration in 2016 were in the traditional coal mining subsidence area, and the other two were clean energy-rich Zhangjiakou, Hebei, and Yuncheng, Shanxi, where the cost of land was relatively cheap. One of the eastern economically developed regions does not.
In recent years, the photovoltaic power generation industry in the provinces of Shanxi, Anhui, Henan, Jiangxi, and Hubei in the central region has developed relatively rapidly, and there has been no occurrence of abandonment. And the land cost is relatively low. China's first photovoltaic "leader" base was built in Datong, Shanxi.
Single crystal module conversion efficiency up to 17.74%, the lowest 17%, polycrystalline module conversion efficiency of up to 17.2%, the lowest 16.5%, inverter efficiency of more than 99% ... ... Datong City Development and Reform Commission issued the "Datong coal subsidence area In the overall acceptance report of the National Advanced Technology Photovoltaic Demonstration Base, the data of this group reaching the international advanced level is encouraging.
It is understood that the base has a total installed capacity of 1 million kilowatts, which was successfully connected to the grid on June 30 last year. In the past year, the grid-connected power generation has continuously set a new record for China's photovoltaic construction, and has become a worthy “leaderâ€. base. In addition, the photovoltaic leading technology base in Shanxi Yangquan coal mining subsidence area and the photovoltaic leading technology base in Luanxian County have also been established.
As a central province, Anhui's photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly in recent years. Data show that as of the first quarter of this year, the cumulative installed capacity of PV in Anhui was 4.53 million kilowatts. Among them, in the first quarter of this year, Anhui's newly installed photovoltaic capacity was 1.08 million kilowatts, which ranks first in the country. It is worth mentioning that the National Photovoltaic "leader" base project in Anhui Huai Coal Mining Subsidence Area has started the bidding work in October last year.
According to the “13th Five-Year Plan†of the Energy Development of Anhui Province, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in the province will reach 8 million kilowatts by 2020. It is clear that the province will also vigorously develop the photovoltaic power generation industry in the next few years. Photovoltaic "leader" program is still very promising in Anhui.
As an important strategic emerging industry in Jiangxi Province, the photovoltaic industry has experienced rapid development in recent years. This reporter learned that at present, Jiangxi Shangrao and Xinyu are also actively applying for photovoltaic "leader" demonstration base.
To sum up, it is not difficult to infer that the advantages of developing PV “leadership†plans in the central region will become more and more obvious, and it may become the area where the plan focuses on development in the future.
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