48V is not the only way, but it is currently a means to achieve it quickly!
In the past two years, with the advancement of the electrification concept, the 48V micro-mixing system has gradually become a high-frequency word. It is reported that the 48V system can achieve fuel economy of up to 20%, then why does this 20% fuel economy come from? What are the key technologies for 48V energy saving? Let's take a look at it.
48V, what is it?The so-called 48V system is essentially a low hybrid system. Among them, 48 volts refers to the system rated DC voltage, not always stable at 48V.
And because the 48V system works like the automatic start-stop system, it can also be called an upgraded version of the automatic start-stop system.
Take the mainland 48V system as an example: it consists of an integrated inverter motor (instead of a 12-volt generator), a 48-volt lithium-ion battery, and a converter for energy exchange between two vehicle power systems ( DC/DC converter). Simply put, this system combines two power sources, the internal combustion engine and the electric motor.
The composition of the mainland 48V light mixing system
The mainland's 48V system, in addition to the basic automatic start and stop function, also has engine shutdown, navigation and braking energy recovery, acceleration and electric cruise functions.
This system includes a motor, 48V battery and voltage transformer. Among them, the lower right is the voltage transformer, which is responsible for the energy conversion between the various vehicle power systems.
Among them, the so-called gliding and navigation state, the former means that the vehicle is driven under inertia, because there is no driving force, the speed will slowly decrease, and then restart the engine when needed. The latter refers to electric drive by means of a battery, so that the speed of the vehicle remains constant for a short time.
Continental 48V motor: belt driven generator
It can be seen that over the years, the mainland has upgraded the system in a direction that optimizes the driving experience and improves energy efficiency. Incidentally, the voltage is increased to provide more power to the electronics inside the vehicle.
Having said that, I have to mention the automatic start-stop system.
In fact, before the 48V micro-hybrid system entered the public's field of vision, the automatic start and stop has been popular for quite a long time: in the 1990s, the automotive industry has set off a boom in using a 42-volt system instead of a 12-volt electrical system. The system was not successfully implemented and replaced with improvements on the original 12 volt electrical system.
Automatic start and stop display on the dashboard
As a system that can automatically control engine flameout and ignition, it can realize automatic “sleep†of the engine under short-term parking conditions, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
However, to be clear, the automatic start and stop reduces the excessive fuel consumption of the engine in the idle zone. Therefore, in actual use, it will be shut down by many car owners and actively shut down.
Automatic start and stop off button
a system that can be implemented in every carIn fact, due to increasing environmental pressure and fuel consumption restrictions, the OEM has a compromise solution between the engine itself and a new power system. It is a micro-hybrid system such as 12V and 48V. . The application of the 12V system is automatic start and stop.
That is why now all parts factories like to push 42V?Among them, the complete hybrid power requires a high-power motor and a large-capacity battery, and the cost is high, and the power system is greatly modified, requiring a long development cycle and a large investment.
Schematic diagram of the energy flow of a hybrid car, the green arrow indicates that energy is recovered into the battery
The fuel-saving effect that the 12V system can provide is not obvious, and because of the limited performance of the motor and the battery, the engine starts at a slower speed, especially in China, and the user experience is not good.
Therefore, 48V should be "fortunate", but the cephalosporin should say: 48V is not the only way, but at present it is a means to achieve quickly!
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