At the 2015 Communication Hotspot Technical Seminar held by ZTE, Professor Zhong Yixin of the School of Computer Science and Technology of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications pointed out that for the development of information technology in the future, "new information technology" is a kind of "lazy" and "perfunctory" Because at any time people can call a future technology a new technology. He believes that the next step of informationization will be upgraded to intelligence, and artificial intelligence will be the future development direction.
Zhong Yixin believes that human wisdom includes two levels: implicit wisdom and explicit wisdom. Implicit wisdom is the wisdom of discovering and defining problems. It is the main source of human creativity. Under the support of hidden wisdom, people can continuously improve the environment and conditions for survival and development. Implicit wisdom is supported by human purpose, knowledge, imagination, and inspiration. It is implicit and thus difficult to be imitated by machines. Explicit wisdom is the wisdom to solve problems within the framework of implicit intelligence, and it can also bring certain creativity. Dominant wisdom is supported by human understanding, learning, and execution. It is explicit and can be simulated by machines. Usually we call human explicit wisdom human intelligence, and the science technology that simulates human intelligence is called artificial intelligence.
When talking about the relationship between human and artificial intelligence, Zhong Yixin said that human beings are always the main body. Artificial intelligence systems are the tools for humans to solve problems. Humans set targets and provide specialized knowledge to artificial intelligence systems. In some sci-fi movies, it is often the case that artificial intelligence machines are enemies with humans and even replace humans. Then, with the advancement of technology, when artificial intelligence develops to the advanced stage, will humans really face such a crisis? Zhong Yixin believes that the answer is no. If the artificial intelligence system does have more places than humans, it is mainly its working speed, work accuracy and durability, and these are not the wisdom qualities of explicit wisdom. The same characteristics of artificial intelligence system and other machine systems are: the machine has no life, no purpose, can not independently discover the actual problems that should be solved, it is impossible to form the wisdom of the machine autonomously, and it is even more impossible to form "beyond human beings and eliminate human beings". Absurd desires, so there will be no behavior to eliminate humans or extermination of human beings.
For the relationship between artificial intelligence and information technology, Zhong Yixin believes that a complete artificial intelligence system must have information acquisition, information transmission, information processing, knowledge generation, strategy creation, strategy execution and feedback learning optimization, which has human sense organs, The nervous system, thinking organs, and executive organs are similar. Among them, technologies such as information acquisition, delivery and processing, and policy enforcement belong to information technology. That is to say, the artificial intelligence system includes information technology links such as sensing, communication, calculation and control.
A complete artificial intelligence system consists of a core artificial intelligence system (including knowledge generation, policy creation) and an information technology system. The information technology system is on the periphery of the whole artificial intelligence system. The information technology system provides human resources mainly for information sharing, not for providing services that understand the essence of things (requires knowledge), and not for providing solutions to problems (requires intelligent strategies) ).
More and more artificial intelligence robots appear in our lives. They not only can “talk†with us, but also have the ability to position themselves and automatically avoid obstacles. Some of the “smart†robots can already serve as restaurant waiters and Babysitter and other work. Guo Chuan / photo
Looking to the future, Zhong Yixin pointed out that we should upgrade “informatization†to “intelligenceâ€. Human evolution tells us that informatized humans have ancient brains (pear) and old brains (thalamic, cerebellum); intelligent humans have new brains (brain joint cortex, prefrontal lobe). In fact, human beings are far from being as good as certain animals in terms of physical fitness. Human beings with information functions may not be as good as certain animals in terms of certain information functions such as smell and hearing; while human beings with intelligent functions have their intelligence functions beyond animals. It can be seen that intelligence is an advanced stage of information development. Intelligentization is vital to the survival and development of mankind in the future, and human beings cannot be satisfied with staying in the informationization stage.
He said that the new generation of information technology such as big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things that has emerged in recent years cannot be separated from artificial intelligence. For example, the first step in the work of big data systems is intelligent classification. After knowledge mining has generated enough knowledge, it can be turned into an intelligent strategy for solving problems. Among them, intelligent classification, knowledge mining and strategy creation are the basic technologies of artificial intelligence. Without these artificial intelligence technologies, big data can only be data, not knowledge, and no intelligent strategy that can be used to solve problems.
Zhong Yixin pointed out that the rise of artificial intelligence does not mean the decline of information technology. On the contrary, information technology is an important part of artificial intelligence systems. The development of artificial intelligence is inseparable from the continuous evolution and support of information technology. Artificial intelligence will be information technology. The development has opened up a new world.
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