Internal light transmission method in night illumination

Advantages of internal light transmission

The first is that there is no need to install lamps outside the building to ensure the appearance of the building is neat. It is well known that when designing the façade lighting of a building, if floodlighting is used, many luminaires are usually installed. In most cases, these luminaires should be exposed to the outside, or mounted on the ground support, or installed in the building. On the façade, although the building components and the changes on the facade of the building are used to hide the luminaires, it is generally impossible to ensure that the luminaires or parts thereof are not fully visible. The exposed luminaires destroy the neatness of the architectural landscape. perfect. Looking at the night illumination of various cities, this is a very prominent problem. If this is the case, such lighting fixtures will inevitably become the target of urban landscape environment construction. If so, it will be extremely unfavorable to the development of urban landscape lighting. influences. Since the inner light-transmitting illumination is to install the light fixture indoors, this problem will be avoided in the light-transmitting illumination.

The use of internal light illumination maximizes the effects of glare. Floodlights used for facade lighting generally have a high surface brightness. Once they enter the line of sight, they will have a dazzling feeling. When flooding the building wall with floodlights, no matter how the lamp position and the beam angle of the lamp are selected, Controlling the projection angle may cause more or less glare interference in certain directions or certain locations, especially for more serious light damage in the illuminated building room; internal light transmission is selected due to low power The low-intensity light source, while the lighting fixture can be installed in a good concealed manner, thus making it an illumination method with very little glare interference.

Internal light transmission minimizes light pollution to urban environments and urban skies. Floodlighting on the facade of a building creates a nightscape effect by reflecting and scattering light from the building wall. Normally, the facade lighting is projected from the bottom to the wall, and a large amount of reflected light is directed at the opposite direction of the line of sight. The sky not only pollutes the sky, but also weakens the design effect of the night scene. If the wall surface is a glazed brick or a metal plate with a high reflectivity, the amount of reflected light that hits the sky will be more. The night sky lighting caused the city sky to shine has become a prominent negative problem. The direction of light used for internal light illumination is just the opposite, because its light is concentrated in half of the space below the horizontal line, effectively improving the light efficiency, making the design light of night lighting mostly effective. In the landscape lighting, we often discuss green lighting problems. In fact, the rational use of the internal light transmission design in night lighting may be an effective manifestation of the green lighting concept.

Light-transparent lighting creates more landscape changes. Since the inner light-transmitting illumination is designed as a single unit as a separate unit, and then constitutes a whole landscape, the mutual combination of different units can evolve a lot of changes, which makes the design of the inner light transmission. The night landscape can evolve a lot of patterns, which can better satisfy the people's desire to seek new changes and hope to see more scenery, so that the buildings can display their own images with different night scenes at different times. To set off the atmosphere.

The maintenance management of the internal light-transmitting lighting is quite different from that of the external light-emitting lighting. In general, it should be more convenient and safer. External projection lighting sometimes installs the luminaire on the building body, which makes maintenance and repair a great inconvenience; the outdoor environment easily causes the lighting equipment to be fouled, which increases the workload of maintenance; sometimes the illuminating equipment is mounted on the ground. In addition, it may increase the probability of human damage, and at the same time bring hidden dangers to environmental safety. Although the lighting facilities are arranged in many places and are relatively scattered, they are mostly located in the indoor window, and the maintenance is relatively easy; the lighting equipment installed indoors is not affected by environmental pollution or artificial damage, increasing the period of use. .

Internal light transmission form and setting method

1. Set the luminaire on the upper part of the window. The inner and outer sides of the luminaire are provided with a visor to avoid direct view of the luminaire and light source from the outside and the room. The light illuminates the window frames on both sides of the window to form a two-frame effect.

2. The setting method of the luminaire is the same as that of 1, but a curtain is arranged on the inner side of the window, and the light distribution of the luminaire is an obliquely inwardly-oriented form, and the light-transmitting effect of the window is exhibited by the illuminated curtain. Curtains can be made from a wide variety of materials, or they can be changed in color, so that the lights that pass through the window can be colored and textured.

3. Set the luminaire on the upper part of the window. The light distribution of the luminaire is selected as “direct-indirect” type. It has a light-passing light, which is used to illuminate the window, and has an oblique upward light-passing, which is used to illuminate the room ceiling near the window. , so that the lighting effect has extended to the interior.

4. Set the luminaire on the window, and set the baffle on the inner side of the light source (ie, on the side of the room). The light source is directly exposed outside the window, and the inner light transmission effect is formed by the shape and brightness of the illuminator itself. At this time, it is necessary to control the brightness of the light source not to be too high to avoid the formation of dazzling glare.

5. Set the luminaire on the ceiling of the room near the window to form the inner light transmission effect by illuminating the ceiling surface and the wall surface. Such a luminaire can also be used as a functional lighting fixture in a room. If the selected luminaire is a ceiling mounted luminaire, the luminaire should have more lateral light intensity components; if the hang-mounted luminaire is selected, the luminaire is equipped with Light should be in a "direct-indirect" form and ensure that there is sufficient up-light flux; embedded mounted luminaires are not suitable for the effects pursued by this type of illumination.

As shown in the figure: the skylight at the top of the swimming pool is illuminated by internal light, so that it can be seen through the nighttime light and shadow. From a distance, it not only extends the light and shadow distance at the top of the building, but also makes the shape of the building more perfect at night.

6. Use the original indoor functional lighting in the room as the inner light-transmitting illumination of the building, that is, keep the lighting of the room open at night to illuminate the interior of the room; this lighting method can create a bright, transparent and The inner light transmission effect of the sense of depth. When using this lighting method, some of the lamps can be appropriately turned off according to the brightness of the room, the depth of the room, the size of the window, the color of the window glass, and the position of the outdoor viewing distance.

7. Use a point light source to be placed on the ceiling near the window, and use a cone beam to form an internal light transmission effect. The light is illuminated by the indoor wall or structural facilities. It is not intended to evenly illuminate the entire room. It is also not necessary to have uniform brightness across the entire window surface, but rather to create a uniform lighting effect for multiple windows to form a special lighting pattern arrangement.

This lighting method is often used in stairwells or equipment rooms.

8. Some buildings have walls near the window, such as elevators or equipment rooms on the roof. Some buildings use steel frame as the support member of the wall and are lined with glass curtain wall. For similar situations, you can choose Some small floodlights are used to illuminate the side of the wall or steel frame facing the outside, allowing the illuminated wall or metal frame to pass out of the glass to form an organized light-transparent pattern.

9. There are public access corridors on the outside of some buildings. Most of the outside of the corridors are closed with glass walls or windows. If a light interior is designed inside the corridor, it will be used in general and outdoor landscapes. It is all beneficial.

10. It can be designed with a plurality of point light sources in the upper opening of the window to have a certain pattern of internal light-transmitting illumination effect. These moderately bright spots can be directly exposed.

11. If you want to highlight the borders on both sides of the window, it is more effective to install an embedded oblique-type downlight on both sides of the upper edge of the window to directly project the light to the window frame;

Light source and luminaire for internal light illumination

The more common light source is the ordinary straight tube fluorescent lamp. Since the commonly used lighting design is to install the luminaire on the top of the window, whether the lighting effect is designed to illuminate the reflective curtain or the frame of the window, or the light source directly out of the window, the ordinary straight tube fluorescent lamp It is a more appropriate choice.

Regarding the luminaire, if the illuminating curtain is to be illuminated, the oblique illumination should be used to allow the luminaire in the horizontal direction to send as much luminous flux as possible to the curtain to ensure the desired light distribution in the design on the curtain; If the light source is required to directly pass out of the window to form a night scene effect, the brightness of the light source should be carefully and carefully selected according to the light transmission condition of the glass and the lighting effect of the design and the external projection of the building facade. To block the light source from affecting the room, you can design a sandwich on the window to hold the fixture, and use the appropriate veneer to make the sandwich and the window frame integrated.

When using the functional luminaire inside the room and the internal light-transmitting illumination, the selected light source is naturally based on fluorescent lamps. If the luminaire is in suspended form, direct-indirect type light distribution should be selected to ensure sufficient upward luminous flux. If the luminaire is in the form of a ceiling, the light distribution should ensure sufficient lateral luminous flux.

When illuminating indoor walls or metal frames near the window, small floodlights are generally used, with metal halide lamps or high-pressure sodium lamps, or PAR lamps.

When lighting the wall of the corridor with the glass window closed, the ceiling embedded oblique illumination lamp can be used to set on the ceiling near the inner wall of the corridor, and the wall surface is cast to generate the wall washing effect, and the light source is small. Power HID lamps are preferred; compact fluorescent lamps can also be used if the corridor is narrow.

Curtains are also an important part of the inner light-transparent lighting, which can make the inner light-transparent night scene effect more significant and more varied. Curtains are generally white or light-colored, so as to have higher reflective efficiency, which is good for visualizing the light and shadow patterns cast on the curtain surface, and also has a good color-developing effect on the illumination using colored light sources; the curtains can be integral. It can also be in the form of a louver; when using curtains to match the inner light, the curtain can cover the entire window, or it can cover only the part of the window, such as the upper part of the window, from top to bottom. Left and right or the middle one. The material of the curtains also has a great influence on the lighting effect. The curtains of suitable texture should be selected according to the design requirements.

Night light effect design of inner light illumination

Internal light transmission is a kind of illumination. It can be changed in many types. By selecting different illumination sources and adopting corresponding lighting configurations, combined with architectural forms, window forms, building walls, building components and light-transmissive glass, it can be designed. A colorful night scene effect.

1. Use internal light transmission alone

A light source is arranged in each window to let the light source directly out of the window. The light source can be point-like or linear, and the overall night scene of the building is formed by the combination of the light effects of all the windows of the whole building. The unit light composition is relatively simple and suitable for A building with a small volume.

In each window, multiple light sources are arranged and combined into a pattern to let the light source directly out of the window. This method makes the unit light composition have content, and also makes the overall building night scene more layered and varied, suitable for being slightly larger. Used on buildings.

The light-emitting illumination of the luminaire combined with the reflective curtain can make the window light effect more delicate and more varied. The use of a linear light source to match the light distribution of different lamps can make the curtains form different brightness distributions; the spotlight can be used to illuminate the curtain surface to form a stripe-shaped or wavy spot effect; the curtains of different textures and colors give the design effect More morphological changes, color curtains with white light or white curtains with colored lights can form a color inside light effect, increasing the active atmosphere of the landscape; thick light curtains can improve the efficiency of reflected light and increase the brightness of internal light. And the various spot patterns designed on the curtain surface can be effectively presented, and the soft gauze curtains can let some of the lights penetrate into the room, and some light in the room will make people feel the depth and three-dimensionality of the building.

The method of illuminating the whole room is simple and does not affect the various functions of the room. At the same time, it also makes the room full of vitality and vitality. The interior layout and human activities can be looming from the window, forming a variety of natural and natural. Vivid landscape picture.

A luminaire is placed on the ceiling near the window to illuminate the ceiling and wall near the window, while the interior of the room is illuminated by a dimmed light, forming a strong fade from the window to the depth of the room. The technique allows people to experience the depth of the room and the building through the lighting effects of the window.

2. Set internal and external light in different parts of the building

The main facade of some buildings is a large hidden glass curtain wall, but the partial façades such as the top structure, the bottom podium or the frame are in the form of solid walls. In this case, the light curtain can be designed in the glass curtain wall part of the building. And in the real wall part of the design outside the projection lighting, forming a contrast effect.

3. Combine external projection light and internal light transmission

Some buildings use glass curtain walls as the main component of the façade, and there are wide strip walls or metal slab walls between the glass; some of the main façades are solid wall structures, but a large number of neatly arranged window. For this type of façade, it is a good choice to use externally cast light or internal light, but if you combine the inner light and the outer light, you may have a better effect: the light is inside the glass window. External wall light or metal frame plate is provided with external light, echoing inside and outside, complementing each other. When adopting this kind of lighting method, attention should be paid to the coordination and contrast of the two lighting methods. Otherwise, the internal and external lighting effects will lead to the dullness and congestion of the overall effect, and the difference between the internal and external lighting effects or the conflict may lead to the overall effect. Confusion, for example, the use of floodlighting to express the solid wall surface of the building, while the window interspersed between the solid walls chooses the light-transmitting illumination method that allows the light source to directly pass out of the window. This kind of matching will be more harmonious, but if it is transparent The choice of light illumination for the room to be fully lit or the curtains to reflect light may make the entire building facade bright and without layers. In fact, when the inner light and the outer light are combined to shape the landscape, the relationship between the landscape and the background is also formed. If the window is used as the main body of the landscaping, the facade of the building becomes a window. The background, then, the illumination of the external wall is subject to the window lighting pattern, and the lighting brightness, color tone, lighting form, etc. should be designed with the aim of setting off the window effect.

4. Inner light transmission with architectural outline lighting

If the building has a beautiful outline or a building with a relatively prominent and beautifully shaped member, the line formed by the line source or the point source can be used to outline the outline of the building or component while cooperating with the inside of the building. Light-transparent lighting can also form a vivid lighting effect. At this time, the internal light transmission should be in the form of illuminating the entire room, so that the effect can be better contrasted and supplemented.

5. Unified set of lights combined with freely open internal light

In some buildings, most of the windows do not deliberately design the inner light-transmitting illumination, but each household opens the light in their room according to their own needs. In this case, the brightness and darkness of each window and the lighting time The length and length of the formation form a completely random state, therefore, the lighting composition of the entire building presents a natural, random, and ever-changing effect, if we are in some of the building's suitable for uniform light transmission. Locations, such as stairwells, equipment rooms, or public corridors, with some fixed, orderly internal light-transparent lighting, or some external projection lighting on some solid wall facades or components of the building. It is a part of the remaining illumination that keeps it turned on for a long time, forming a striking landscape focus, so as to control the colorful point-like dynamic lights on the building, forming a combination of dynamic and static, orderly and disorderly. Night landscape effect.

When designing night lighting with internal light transmission, there are many problems that need to be carefully considered and evaluated, such as:

Window lighting composition,

Curtain design and opening and closing control,

Design and installation of luminaires,

The color and light transmission of the window glass,

The brightness of the light source,

Brightness of light inside,

The relationship between the brightness of the window and the brightness of the exterior wall and the brightness of the surrounding environment of the building,

Consider the design of the interior light-transmissive lighting from the perspective of urban planning.

Only by carefully coordinating various problems that should be faced in the design, can we design a good light-transparent night view inside the building. Otherwise, when encountering a glass curtain wall building, it is very possible to hang the light in the window without asking the head. Will create a new night lighting design crisis, creating another type of visual pollution!

As the normal setting of night lighting, the effect is first to bring comfort and beauty to the viewer, but what is the comfort and beauty, what kind of night scene form can make the viewer feel comfortable and enjoy the beauty, I am afraid the designer first Things that should be understood, if a design work does not have a basic form of aesthetics, perhaps "do not do" should be the best choice.