According to the report of the “Wall Street Journal†website on March 26, Japanese and German factory equipment helped Vickers become a successful example of “made in the United Statesâ€. Taylor said that when Vickers first purchased industrial robots in 2006, only Can choose between European and Japanese models. "We don't have any American-made options."
This advanced production machinery - from digital machines to complex packaging systems and robotic arms - powers new automation plants. The United States is losing this battle to provide such advanced production machinery.
According to data from the US Department of Commerce, the United States had a trade deficit of 4.1 billion U.S. dollars with leading industries in Japan, the European Union, and Switzerland in terms of advanced "flexibility manufacturing" products, which has doubled from 2003, though compared with 2001. The 7 billion U.S. dollars in the year have declined, but this decline stems from the expansion of foreign equipment suppliers in the United States rather than the resurgence of U.S. companies.
According to the German Federation of Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Industry, American companies are also losing their domestic market share. In 1995, they met 81% of domestic factory equipment requirements. In 2015, this ratio dropped to 63%.
The above-mentioned trade deficit has created a problem for US President Trump. He hopes that the United States will expand production and reduce exports. He criticized manufacturers of automobiles, air conditioners, and agricultural equipment for transferring production abroad. Companies responded by saying that they would invest in U.S. factories. However, the revival of the U.S. manufacturing industry will lead to the purchase of more equipment from foreign companies because the companies have no choice.
Manufacturers are troubled by the lack of automated suppliers in the United States because tomorrow's digital, miniaturized, and customized products are increasingly related to the innovation of the machines used to make them.
A report by the former US President Barack Obama’s Scientific Advisory Committee to him on advanced manufacturing in 2012 concluded that the “cruel truth†is that the United States lags behind other rich countries in manufacturing innovation.
At the same time, China seeks to go beyond the model of relying solely on cheap labor to launch global competition. Its "Made in China 2025" strategy aims to dominate advanced manufacturing, one of which is through aggressive overseas acquisitions. For example, the appliance maker Midea Group acquired German KUKA last year, and KUKA is a global leader in industrial robotics.
The White House now refuses to comment on whether Trump thinks the factory technology gap is a problem.
Until the 1970s, the United States dominated the advanced manufacturing industry. At that time, the advantages were mainly machine tools.
In the 1980s, the manufacturing industry in the United States declined. According to a 1993 report by the US Rand Corporation, nearly 70% of the US machine tool companies were closed due to declining demand, strong dollar, and strategic mistakes.
In this century, with the increasing outsourcing of U.S. manufacturers and the retirement of the Baby Boomers, U.S. manufacturing continues to decline. Shrinking manufacturers' demand for production specialists has decreased, which has accelerated the decline of factory technology. Alex West, manufacturing technology analyst at IHS Market in London, United Kingdom, said: "The United States has lost talent in manufacturing technology."
Taylor said: "In the idealization of the manufacturing process, we need to catch up with Germany and Japan."
This is one of the contents of the Revival of the American Manufacturing and Innovation Act passed in 2014. Since then, the government has promised to invest more than $1 billion to create a "manufacturing network for manufacturing innovation," including government research laboratories, universities, and businesses. Other participants promised to invest more than 2 billion U.S. dollars.
This network, known as "American Made," announced in January this year the establishment of the 14th Institute, an advanced robot manufacturing innovation center at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Under the leadership of the Pentagon, the center will aim to make automation technology easier to use, especially for small businesses.
A White House spokesperson said: "The 'American Made' Institute is a very meaningful experiment for public-private partnerships. It has a very valuable goal to enhance the competitiveness of U.S. manufacturing and promote the building of strong and Sustainable countries build R&D infrastructure. In the coming months, the government will evaluate the effectiveness of this approach.â€
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