At present, the per capita freshwater resources of most of the coastal cities in China are less than 500 cubic meters, which is lower than the international standard line of 1,000 cubic meters, of which Tianjin, Shanghai, Dalian, Qingdao, Lianyungang and other cities are even less than 200 cubic meters, and water shortage has become Seriously constrain the economic and social development of coastal areas.
Under this background, the power industry, as a large water user, has doubled its pressure in the face of water shortages. At the same time, the application of seawater desalination and other technologies has become an important way to address the shortage of freshwater in coastal areas.
According to relevant sources in the industry, the reporter disclosed that the “State Council’s opinions on accelerating the development of seawater desalination†and the “Twelfth Five-Year†desalination industrialization development plan will be introduced in the near future.
As a result, higher requirements have been put forward for water conservation work in the power industry. How to use water-saving technologies to ease the urgent relationship between water resources and energy production is placed in front of power companies.
Advantages and disadvantages of seawater desalination The Davos World Economics Annual Conference report warns that the world is facing a “water crisis†and that water resources may be more expensive than oil in the future.
It is understood that the thermal power plant supplies 84% ​​of the electricity in the country. According to statistics, by 2020, China's installed capacity is expected to double to 1900 GW, and at least 500 GW will come from coal-fired power generation.
However, the water consumption of coal-fired power plants is about twice that of gas-fired power plants, and the rapid increase in installed capacity is a sharp decline in the total amount of water resources in China.
ADB's research shows that China is expected to have a water shortage of about 70 billion cubic meters by 2030. It is foreseeable that in the coming years, human race for water resources will intensify.
According to a survey conducted by the reporter, although the electric power industry is a large water user, it has great potential in saving water.
Shen Tao Guohua (Beijing) Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd. Dr. Ding Tao told reporters: "Desalination is expected to become an effective way to solve the coastal power plant's own use of fresh water, the use of desalination technology, the location of the coastal power plant will no longer be limited by fresh water resources ."
Ding Tao also said that fresh water produced by power plants through seawater desalination can not only solve the self-use water problem, but also provide fresh water to the community and become a reliable freshwater supply base. Not only meets the national industry and environmental protection policies, but also enhances the economic benefits of the power plant. It also plays an important role in ensuring the sustainable economic and social development of the coastal areas.
Although the seawater is inexhaustible and inexhaustible, some people in the industry have questioned desalination technology.
Some experts believe that the salinity of seawater desalinated brines is usually twice the salinity of seawater, and the density is also correspondingly increased. After being discharged into the sea, it will cause a large number of marine life deaths.
In addition, seawater desalination technology significantly increases greenhouse gas emissions. Seawater desalination is a high-energy-consuming industry, and it relies on non-renewable energy to a considerable degree. Therefore, in considering seawater desalination, it is necessary to fully consider the impact of large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions on the climate and the environment.
In recent years, China has issued a series of plans such as the "Special Plan for the Utilization of Seawater" and the "Development Plan for Seawater Utilization Standards", which provide policy support for the development of seawater desalination industry in the power industry.
Innovative water-saving technology is one of the venues for the 2011 National Science Popularization Day event. On September 20th, the China Institute of Electrical Engineering organized and organized the “Power Plant Water-Saving Special Exchange and Exhibitionâ€. At the meeting, the National Development and Reform Commission used resource conservation and environmental protection. Li Jing, deputy director of the company, said: “In some areas, the importance of water shortages is also insufficiently recognized. The efficiency of the overall utilization of seawater is still very low, and water-saving technology research and development still needs to be increased.â€
In fact, China's water-saving technology for the power industry has other technologies in addition to desalination technology. For example, hydropower plants use the city's water to achieve the recycling of wastewater, which has the advantages of open source, throttling, and pollution reduction. For another example, the mining drainage utilization technology has already begun to be used in some places in China. In 2009, the raw coal output reached 3.05 billion tons, and the pit water discharge amounted to 9.15 billion tons.
“Currently, air-cooled units have been widely used in the water shortage areas in northern China. By 2010, the total capacity of air-cooled units approved by the National Development and Reform Commission reached 91.17 million kilowatts, and the total number of air-cooled units that have been completed and put into production exceeded 70 million kilowatts.†China Electric Power Engineering Consultant Group company senior engineer Chai Jingyu said.
In 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission requested that air-cooled units should be used in principle in the areas of water shortage in the north. Many domestic power generation projects have been preparing air-cooled units, but the air-cooling technology is monopolized by German GEA and SPX. At that time, there were no large-scale air-cooled units of more than 300 MW that were already in operation in China.
It is reported that the National Development and Reform Commission requested the CLP Group to develop localization of large-scale air-cooled units. The CPI Group decided to carry out research and development work on the basis of Tongliao III 600MW air-cooled units. In September 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the project as a demonstration project for the domestic air-cooling system of 600 MW units.
In October 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission included the “Development of Large-Scale Air-Cooled Thermal Motor Component Equipment†as a national major equipment development project.
The reporter was also informed that the National Science and Technology Support Plan "Air Cooling Technology Research and Industrial Demonstration Project for 1000MW Units" is steadily advancing.
"The '12th Five-Year Plan' also puts forward specific requirements for water conservation in the power industry. First of all, it will gradually form a water management system mechanism that is conducive to the conservation of water and the efficient use and effective protection of water resources. It will strictly manage water intake, water use, and drainage. We will promote the use of water for planning and strengthen water measurement and supervision, Li Jing said.
Li Jing believes that the power companies must build and improve the engineering and technology systems for the efficient use of water resources, and actively learn from the water-saving technologies and experiences of foreign power companies, increase the matching and water-saving transformation of existing water resources utilization facilities, and promote the use of high-efficiency. Water facilities.
Under this background, the power industry, as a large water user, has doubled its pressure in the face of water shortages. At the same time, the application of seawater desalination and other technologies has become an important way to address the shortage of freshwater in coastal areas.
According to relevant sources in the industry, the reporter disclosed that the “State Council’s opinions on accelerating the development of seawater desalination†and the “Twelfth Five-Year†desalination industrialization development plan will be introduced in the near future.
As a result, higher requirements have been put forward for water conservation work in the power industry. How to use water-saving technologies to ease the urgent relationship between water resources and energy production is placed in front of power companies.
Advantages and disadvantages of seawater desalination The Davos World Economics Annual Conference report warns that the world is facing a “water crisis†and that water resources may be more expensive than oil in the future.
It is understood that the thermal power plant supplies 84% ​​of the electricity in the country. According to statistics, by 2020, China's installed capacity is expected to double to 1900 GW, and at least 500 GW will come from coal-fired power generation.
However, the water consumption of coal-fired power plants is about twice that of gas-fired power plants, and the rapid increase in installed capacity is a sharp decline in the total amount of water resources in China.
ADB's research shows that China is expected to have a water shortage of about 70 billion cubic meters by 2030. It is foreseeable that in the coming years, human race for water resources will intensify.
According to a survey conducted by the reporter, although the electric power industry is a large water user, it has great potential in saving water.
Shen Tao Guohua (Beijing) Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd. Dr. Ding Tao told reporters: "Desalination is expected to become an effective way to solve the coastal power plant's own use of fresh water, the use of desalination technology, the location of the coastal power plant will no longer be limited by fresh water resources ."
Ding Tao also said that fresh water produced by power plants through seawater desalination can not only solve the self-use water problem, but also provide fresh water to the community and become a reliable freshwater supply base. Not only meets the national industry and environmental protection policies, but also enhances the economic benefits of the power plant. It also plays an important role in ensuring the sustainable economic and social development of the coastal areas.
Although the seawater is inexhaustible and inexhaustible, some people in the industry have questioned desalination technology.
Some experts believe that the salinity of seawater desalinated brines is usually twice the salinity of seawater, and the density is also correspondingly increased. After being discharged into the sea, it will cause a large number of marine life deaths.
In addition, seawater desalination technology significantly increases greenhouse gas emissions. Seawater desalination is a high-energy-consuming industry, and it relies on non-renewable energy to a considerable degree. Therefore, in considering seawater desalination, it is necessary to fully consider the impact of large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions on the climate and the environment.
In recent years, China has issued a series of plans such as the "Special Plan for the Utilization of Seawater" and the "Development Plan for Seawater Utilization Standards", which provide policy support for the development of seawater desalination industry in the power industry.
Innovative water-saving technology is one of the venues for the 2011 National Science Popularization Day event. On September 20th, the China Institute of Electrical Engineering organized and organized the “Power Plant Water-Saving Special Exchange and Exhibitionâ€. At the meeting, the National Development and Reform Commission used resource conservation and environmental protection. Li Jing, deputy director of the company, said: “In some areas, the importance of water shortages is also insufficiently recognized. The efficiency of the overall utilization of seawater is still very low, and water-saving technology research and development still needs to be increased.â€
In fact, China's water-saving technology for the power industry has other technologies in addition to desalination technology. For example, hydropower plants use the city's water to achieve the recycling of wastewater, which has the advantages of open source, throttling, and pollution reduction. For another example, the mining drainage utilization technology has already begun to be used in some places in China. In 2009, the raw coal output reached 3.05 billion tons, and the pit water discharge amounted to 9.15 billion tons.
“Currently, air-cooled units have been widely used in the water shortage areas in northern China. By 2010, the total capacity of air-cooled units approved by the National Development and Reform Commission reached 91.17 million kilowatts, and the total number of air-cooled units that have been completed and put into production exceeded 70 million kilowatts.†China Electric Power Engineering Consultant Group company senior engineer Chai Jingyu said.
In 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission requested that air-cooled units should be used in principle in the areas of water shortage in the north. Many domestic power generation projects have been preparing air-cooled units, but the air-cooling technology is monopolized by German GEA and SPX. At that time, there were no large-scale air-cooled units of more than 300 MW that were already in operation in China.
It is reported that the National Development and Reform Commission requested the CLP Group to develop localization of large-scale air-cooled units. The CPI Group decided to carry out research and development work on the basis of Tongliao III 600MW air-cooled units. In September 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the project as a demonstration project for the domestic air-cooling system of 600 MW units.
In October 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission included the “Development of Large-Scale Air-Cooled Thermal Motor Component Equipment†as a national major equipment development project.
The reporter was also informed that the National Science and Technology Support Plan "Air Cooling Technology Research and Industrial Demonstration Project for 1000MW Units" is steadily advancing.
"The '12th Five-Year Plan' also puts forward specific requirements for water conservation in the power industry. First of all, it will gradually form a water management system mechanism that is conducive to the conservation of water and the efficient use and effective protection of water resources. It will strictly manage water intake, water use, and drainage. We will promote the use of water for planning and strengthen water measurement and supervision, Li Jing said.
Li Jing believes that the power companies must build and improve the engineering and technology systems for the efficient use of water resources, and actively learn from the water-saving technologies and experiences of foreign power companies, increase the matching and water-saving transformation of existing water resources utilization facilities, and promote the use of high-efficiency. Water facilities.
Junrui Lighting Co., Ltd. , http://www.china-outdoor-light.com