In recent years, mobile devices such as smart phones and smart watches have become increasingly highly functional. It has the functions of telephone, watch, PC, camera, stereo, TV, book, game console, etc., and even all mobile devices have the function of wallet. Each feature requires an advanced specification, and the designer must concentrate all of the functionality on a small space and be able to run it at will. One problem that must be faced at this time is "how to design a power supply."
Because of the limited space, the amount of power and batteries that can be used is limited. However, if the power is not sufficient, the output will be unstable when using many functions at the same time, and the output at the peak will be insufficient. Then what should be done……
The ideal solution to this troublesome problem is to use Murata's supercapacitors (EDLC, Supercapacitor).
Supercapacitor capable of storing more charge than a typical capacitor
A supercapacitor is a type of capacitor and is a storage device capable of storing and discharging electric power. As with ordinary capacitors, power supplies such as batteries and batteries are assisted in various forms by being mounted in a circuit.
A common capacitor consists of two electrodes (metal plates) and a dielectric sandwiched between them. Once a voltage is applied, electrons accumulate on one of the electrodes, which is a state in which the charge is stored. At this time, the dielectric between the electrodes acts to increase the electrostatic capacitance by the phenomenon of "dielectric polarization".
Supercapacitors are components that can store large amounts of charge and perform high output.
Supercapacitors are also the same basic principle. Unlike ordinary capacitors, the electrodes are filled with electrolyte instead of dielectric. When a voltage is applied, the faces of the electrodes and the electrolyte are arranged in a positive and negative charge, forming a layer called an "electrical double layer" where the charge is stored. The electrostatic capacity of the supercapacitor is proportional to the area of ​​the electrical double layer, and in order to make the area as large as possible, activated carbon is used on the electrode. There are many open pores on the surface of the activated carbon in order to actually obtain the largest surface area.
The supercapacitor stores the electrical structure through the electrodes and the electrolyte as the normal battery. However, the battery uses a chemical reaction between the electrode and the electrolyte (the electrode directly reacts and dissolves), and the supercapacitor only moves between the electrodes by electrons. According to this difference, the different properties of the two are shown. Give an advantage over the battery, super capacitor. In the case of charging and discharging, only the electrons move, so that the electrode is less deteriorated, and charging and discharging can be performed more than ordinary batteries (Murata's super capacitor can be used more than 100,000 times).
Murata "Laminated Supercapacitor" with the characteristics that traditional capacitors and traditional supercapacitors cannot achieve
Since the 1970s, supercapacitors have been commercialized as power storage devices having a larger electrostatic capacity than ordinary capacitors, and button-type and cylindrical types have been developed so far.
However, there are several disadvantages in these types. One is that the internal impedance (ESR) is large, so it is limited to low output applications. When the super capacitor is connected to the power supply, the internal impedance is large, so the voltage drops seriously when a large current passes, and does not provide sufficient energy at a high output. There is also a button type and a cylindrical type in which the external moisture enters from the package portion to cause deterioration, and the "dryness" which easily causes the electrolyte to evaporate. In the case of a large electrostatic capacity, although the possibility of a super capacitor is large, these disadvantages become difficult in actual use.
Murata is committed to overcoming these shortcomings and developing new supercapacitors. Developed a laminated super capacitor.
Murata's supercapacitor uses the above-mentioned structure in which the electric double layer structure composed of the electrode and the electrolyte is overlapped. With this configuration, the internal impedance (ESR) is successfully reduced to about one-1000th of a conventional supercapacitor, and can also be used when the current is large. In addition, by shrinking the package portion, the intrusion of external moisture and the drying of the electrolyte are also successfully prevented.
Supercapacitors like Murata have many advantages over traditional capacitors, batteries, and other supercapacitors. As can be seen from the following tables, the capacity is large and high compared to the conventional capacitor, and the power is higher than that of the battery, and can be used at a high output compared with the conventional super capacitor.
In particular, the ability to take advantage of Murata's supercapacitor
Murata's supercapacitors with all the features mentioned before can especially be used in the following situations.
Auxiliary auxiliary power supply is required only at high output
Want to suppress the voltage drop at the output peak, stabilize the output
Structure that does not lose data when there is a sudden power failure or the like
Secondly, the thickness is 2.2 to 3.7 mm, and the size is only 2.1 cm × 1.4 cm. The thin and small shape is also very attractive. It is also very effective on small devices with limited power supply space. Not only the mobile devices mentioned at the beginning of the article, but also expected to be used in small motors, audio equipment, high-brightness LEDs, various communications, various systems and storage backups... various devices.
For each device, Murata's supercapacitors offer solutions that have not been available to date.
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